Fig. 1. Flow diagram showing algorithm used for each iteration in stochastic, female-focused, stage-based, discrete population viability analysis for large-bodied woodpeckers. Probabilities are abbreviated as follows: P(jvs) = number of juveniles produced/adult, which is drawn from the Poisson distribution; B(ads) = survival outcome for each adult female, which is drawn from a Bernoulli distribution. Solid arrows indicate either “yes” or forward progression of the model. Dashed arrow indicates “no.” Processes inside the dotted box are repeated for each adult female and each year in the model population.